Battery
degradation is the root cause of performance degradation of batteries.
High-capacity and high-power batteries in particular require deep understanding
about the degradation because its performance gets worse due to severe
degradation.
Currently,
concerning the degradation, development of diagnosis technology for waste
batteries and fast charging has been carried out and the market has been
formed.
Diagnosis
technology is essential for reuse of waste batteries. Several OEMs have engaged
in the business of reuse of waste batteries over the past several years, and many
companies are preparing new businesses by using various applications where
waste batteries can be reused.
Long
battery life and short charging time are required for EVs to overcome the
market share of traditional gasoline/diesel engine vehicles. These are
fundamental needs that allow the battery and EV market to expand rapidly, and
for this reason, mitigation/suppression technology against degradation under
severe conditions is essential.
This
report is divided into 11 chapters. Chapter 1-3 provides basic knowledge about
battery degradation and needs of the technology, chapter 4-5 describe causes
and effect of degradation, chapter 6-7 describe mitigation strategy for
degradation and degradation diagnosis/prediction technology, chapter 10-9
describe patents and latest technology.
This
report provides in-depth understanding of battery degradation, and introduces
strategy to mitigate degradation and various technologies to diagnose and
predict degradation. It also provides detailed information on Korean and
international companies, markets and industry trends, and patents and notable
technologies.
Contents
1. Brief Introduction
1.1.
Intensified Technology Competition
1.2. Issues
after use
1.3. Environmental pollution issue
1.4. Fast Charging issues
2. Lithium-ion Batteries
2.1. Components
3. Degradation
3.1. What
is degradation?
3.2. Degradation
mechanism
4. Materials
4.1.
Cathode
4.1.1. Degradation due to cathode materials
4.1.2. Degradation/Mitigation Factors
4.1.3. Effects of Degradation
4.2. Anode
4.2.1. Degradation due to anode material
4.2.2. Degradation/Mitigation Factors
4.2.3. Effects of degradation
4.3.
Electrolyte
4.4.
Degradation of inactive materials (binder, current collector, separator, other components.)
4.5. Other
degradation factors (ageing conditions, ambient temperature, battery design,
users, etc.)
4.6. Connection between degradation mechanisms
4.6.1. Positive-feedback scenario
4.6.2. Negative-feedback scenario
5. Effects of Cell Degradation
6. Battery degradation mitigation strategy
6.1.
Improvement of active material materials
6.1.1. Cathode active materials
6.1.2. Anode active materials
6.1.3. SEI
6.2.
Charging Techniques
6.2.1. Constant voltage charging method (CV)
6.2.2. Constant current charging method
(CC)
6.2.3. Constant current/constant voltage
charging method (CC-CV)
6.2.4. Constant power (CP) method
6.2.5. Constant power/constant voltage
charging method (CP-CV)
6.2.6. Boost charging method
6.2.7. Varying current decay charging
method (VCD)
6.2.8. Multi-stage constant current
charging method (MCC)
6.2.9. Pulse charging method
6.2.10. Trickle charging method
7. Battery degradation diagnosis/prediction technology
7.1.
Analysis techniques by degradation mode
7.1.1. Structural change and decomposition
analysis of active materials
7.1.2. Particle destruction analysis
7.1.3. Analysis of SEI layer growth
7.1.4. Li plating analysis
7.2.
Electrochemical analysis techniques
7.2.1. Cell voltage and capacity analysis
7.2.2.
Resistance Analysis
7.3.
Non-Model Based Analysis
7.3.1. Battery internal factor diagnosis
7.3.2. Battery external factor diagnosis
7.4.
Model-based analysis
7.4.1. Types of Models
7.4.2. SEI layer
growth
7.4.3. Li plating
7.4.4. Structural
change and decomposition of cathode
7.4.5. Particle
destruction
7.4.6. Silicon additives
7.5. Diagnosis and prediction by using machine
learning/artificial intelligence
7.5.1. Background
of diagnostic technology by ML/AI
7.5.2. Performance
and safety prediction
7.5.3. Degradation
and life prediction
7.5.4. Online estimation technology
7.6.
Post-Mortem Analysis
7.6.1. Precautions for cell disassembly
7.6.2. Cell opening procedure and component
removal method
7.6.3. Physical analysis technology
7.6.4. Chemical analysis technology
7.6.5. Thermal stability analysis
8. Status of companies related to battery degradation
8.1.
Korea (20 companies)
8.2.
North America (15 companies)
8.3.
Europe (5 companies)
8.4. Japan
(5 companies)
8.5.
China (10 companies)
8.6.
Others
9. Market status and outlook
9.1. BMS
9.1.1. Outlook for BMS global market (2021
– 2030)
9.1.2. BMS suppliers by EV model (2012 –
2024)
9.2.
Fast Charger
9.2.1. Global market status
9.2.2. Outlook for US fast charger market
(2021 – 2030)
9.2.3. Current status by major US cities
9.2.4. Status of fast chargers by region in
Korea
10. Patents for Battery Degradation Suppression/Diagnosis (2017–2021)
10.1. Patents in Korea
11. Latest technology for degradation diagnosis
11.1.
Behavior Analysis for Charge Transfer Resistance
11.2.
Analysis of local Li plating according to temperature nonuniformity
11.3. IR
Drop Analysis
11.4.
Incremental Capacity Analysis
11.5.
Differential Voltage Analysis
11.6.
Graphite-based anode interface analysis under fast charging conditions
11.7. Development of Anode Coating Materials and Impedance
Analysis
12. References